学习英语语法时,我们经常会遇到各种不同的主语类型。主语是句子的核心,它告诉读者或听者句子是关于什么的。在英语中,主语可以是名词、代词、数词、动名词、不定式或从句等。通过学习这些不同类型的主语,我们可以更深入地理解句子结构,并提高我们的语言表达能力。例如,在句子"Dancing bored him."中,动名词"Dancing"作为主语,直接表达了句子的主题。这种用法不仅使句子更加简洁,而且还能突出动作本身。现在,让我们通过一些例句和练习来进一步探索主语的多样性和灵活性。
<语法分析>
动名词直接作为主语使用。有时,动名词前可以加上一个代词或名词所有格来表示逻辑上的主语,动名词也可以名词化,前面加上冠词。除了动名词,句子的主语还可以由其他成分来表示,包括数词、代词、名词、不定式、词组、从句或名词化的其他词类等。"it"可以作为人称代词或非人称代词使用,也可以用来强调句子的某一成分。
<触类旁通>
Are there other universes outside our own? 语法分析:名词作主语。
Nobody knows the answer. 语法分析:代词作主语。
Two-thirds of them are college students. 语法分析:数词作主语。
What she saw gave her a little fright. 语法分析:从句作主语。
It's no use asking me. 语法分析:先行词"it"作形式主语,真正的主语放在句子后面,使句子更平稳。
Who was it that called the meeting? 语法分析:用"it"对句子的主语加以强调,也可以强调其他成分。
<巩固练习>
Going [go] to the movies is a popular pastime.
Their coming [come] to help was a great encouragement to us.
It is any good trying [try]?
It is an offence to drop [drop] litter in the street.
Not being punctual makes him unreliable.
It was you who had been wrong.
It costs 100 dollars to repair [repair] the car.
<参考答案>
Going
coming
trying
to drop
being
It
to repair